Find Thy Neighbourhood: Privacy-Preserving Local Clustering
Authors: Pranav Shriram A (National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli), Nishat Koti (Indian Institute of Science), Varsha Bhat Kukkala (Indian Institute of Science), Arpita Patra (Indian Institute of Science), Bhavish Raj Gopal (Indian Institute of Science)
Volume: 2023
Issue: 2
Pages: 23–39
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56553/popets-2023-0039
Abstract: Identifying a cluster around a seed node in a graph, termed local clustering, finds use in several applications, including fraud detection, targeted advertising, community detection, etc. However, performing local clustering is challenging when the graph is distributed among multiple data owners, which is further aggravated by the privacy concerns that arise in disclosing their view of the graph. This necessitates designing solutions for privacy-preserving local clustering and is addressed for the first time in the literature. We propose using the technique of secure multiparty computation (MPC) to achieve the same. Our local clustering algorithm is based on the heat kernel PageRank (HKPR) metric, which produces the best-known cluster quality. En route to our final solution, we have two important steps: (i) designing data-oblivious equivalent of the state-of-the-art algorithms for computing local clustering and HKPR values, and (ii) compiling the data-oblivious algorithms into its secure realisation via an MPC framework that supports operations over fixed-point arithmetic representation such as multiplication and division. Keeping efficiency in mind for large graphs, we choose the best-known honest-majority 3-party framework of SWIFT (Koti et al., USENIX'21) and enhance it with some of the necessary yet missing primitives, before using it for our purpose. We benchmark the performance of our secure protocols, and the reported run time showcases the practicality of the same. Further, we perform extensive experiments to evaluate the accuracy loss of our protocols. Compared to their cleartext counterparts, we observe that the results are comparable and thus showcase the practicality of the designed protocols.
Keywords: privacy-preserving local clustering, privacy-preserving heat kernel PageRank, secure multiparty computation
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